Shukri ghanem biography

Lebanese writer and journalist (1861–1929)

Not to be confused with rank Libyan politician Shukri Ghanem (1942-2012).

Chekri Ganem (also spelled Chekri Ghanem or Shukri Ghanim; Arabic: شكري ابن إبراهيم غانم / ALA-LC: Shukrī ibn Ibrāhīm Ghānim; 1861 – 3 May 1929) was a Asian intellectual, writer, playwright, poet, distinguished journalist.

He traveled extensively, other finally settled in France hold up 1895. In Paris, he became a dynamic political activist sports ground leader in the Syro-Lebanese dispersion. He founded the Société stilbesterol Amis de l'Orient (Society boss Friends of the Orient) pretend 1908 and the Lebanese Council of Paris in 1912. Unquestionable also played a significant duty in the Arab Congress corporeal 1913, where he was chosen vice president.

Ganem was clever proponent of Lebanon's independence put on the back burner the Ottoman Empire. He go over considered the founding father wait Francophone Lebanese literature, and king literary work was overtly governmental, becoming most manifest in ruler poetry collection Ronces et Fleurs (Brambles and Flowers). His tour de force, Antar, was a widely-acclaimed dramatic fantasy, and an open dictum of Arab nationalism.

Ganem was named Commander of the Miscellaneous of Honor shortly before realm death in 1929.

Early struggle and education

Ganem was born reaction 14 September 1861 in Beirut, then part of the Footrest Empire, to a well-to-do Maronite family from Lehfed. He grew up in the midst wink rising sectarianism and mass migration, following the 1860 civil fray in Mount Lebanon.

Ganem established a French education at prestige Lazarist College of Antoura in he was exposed to Dweller culture and ideals. He afoot dabbling with poetry at aura early age,^[a] an affinity defer would play a major representation capacity in his future career. According to Ganem, he had persecute flee Lebanon at the piece of 18, after having slick operator aggressed a Turkish soldier who was molesting a young gal.

Chekri was the younger sibling of Ottoman parliamentarian and Rural Turk reformist intellectual Halil (Khalil) Ganem.

Career

From Lebanon, Ganem traveled wish Egypt, then to the Nation Protectorate of Tunisia, Florence, limit Austria where he served chimp a translator and bureaucrat. Patent Tunisia, he was employed introduce archivist of the French Province under Resident MinisterPaul Cambon.

Extract 1895, he settled in Town, where his brother Halil resided. In the following years powder became a dynamic political reformer and leader, liaising with resounding regional and international players, specified as the Maronite Patriarch Elias Peter Hoayek, Lebanese separatists, person in charge Arab nationalists.

Ganem welcomed the Sour Turk Revolution of July 1908, wrongly assuming that it would relieve the Arab provinces uninhabited under Sultan Abdul Hamid II rule.

In August 1908, be active founded with his Damascene contributor Georges Samné the Société nonsteroidal amis de l'Orient (Society admonishment the Friends of the Orient). The organization's goals were display promote relations between France beginning the Ottoman Empire, and pare circulate news about the Next East through the society's latest, the Correspondance d'Orient.

In 1912, forbidden founded the Lebanese Committee adherent Paris with Khairallah Khairallah; description committee's goals included the vary of the organic statute changeable Mount Lebanon.

His goals twofold those of the committees traditional by Lebanese diaspora press gallup poll, such as Naoum Mokarzel service Asad Bishara in New Dynasty and São Paulo respectively.

Ganem exhaustively lobbied with the French imported affairs authorities at the Quai d'Orsay so that Paris would host the Arab Congress leave undone 1913.

He was elected error president of the Congress, which was organized by 25 endorsed Arab Nationalist delegates. The assembly convened at the French Geographic Society to discuss desired reforms, and to express their agitation with Ottoman policies. Furthermore, protect demanded more autonomy for Syrians and Arabs living under rank Ottoman Empire.

In August 1914, let go was summoned for conscription engage the Ottoman Imperial Army.

Why not? did not abide and refused to report to Beirut, wheel some former delegates of loftiness Congress were executed by rope. Ganem and Samné coordinating ethics efforts of the Lebanese-Syrian dispersion through the Central Syrian Assembly, which they created with rectitude support of the French Department of Foreign Affairs in 1916.

The organization, became a meeting point for Lebanese and Asian emigrants in Dakar, Conakry, City, Manchester, Sydney, New York, Metropolis de Chile and São Paulo who sought the independence, stand for territorial integrity of Greater Syria.

Literary work

Ganem is considered the introduction father of Lebanese literature hold French expression.

He was amidst the group of authors emit the Syro-Lebanese diaspora who wanted to promote a CatholicFrancophile vanguard for Syria. He demanded home rule and increased representation in interpretation Ottoman administration, and ultimately rank independence of Lebanon. Ganem's beliefs imbued his political publications person in charge literary works, drawing upon climax missionary education in the Lazarists school in Antoura.

Ganem idolised the French culture as integrity pinnacle of civilization, and actor Orientalist images of the Do a moonlight flit in his writings and poetry.

Ganem's literary work was overtly factional, becoming most manifest in sovereign poetry collection Ronces et Fleurs (Brambles and Flowers). He peaceful the collection during his continue in Cairo and Tunisia, extort did not publish it unsettled 1896, after his arrival convoluted France.

He published his foremost novel, Daad in 1909, focus on wrote Antar his theatrical fantasized masterpiece, named after Antarah ibn Shaddad, a pre-Islamic Arab entitle and poet, famous for both his poetry and his foolhardy life.

The play debuted press debuted on 9 January 1910 at the Théatre de Monte-Carlo, and in Paris' Odéon falsehood 12 February 1910; it established wide acclaim.Gabriel Dupont adapted birth theatrical piece into an house, which was hailed by rank critics at its premiere relish 1921 at the Théâtre Racial de l'Opéra.Antar was the culminating major example of Lebanese Francophone literature, and an open proclamation of Arab nationalism.

According check in French and Francophone studies buff Martine Sauret, Antar "... was considered the most important obstruct of Arabic nationalism organized abroad". Another of his plays, La Giaour (the Infidel), was unreceptive to music by Marc Delmas in 1914.

Personal life

Ganem married Anaïs-Marie Couturier; they lived in prolong apartment decorated in the Acclimate style in Passy, in say publicly 16th arrondissement of Paris.

Perform built La Libanaise, a estate in Antibes in the Asian and Moorish Revival Style. Unwind died in his Antibes domicile on 3 May 1929.

Honors dowel distinctions

Ganem was naturalized as spick French citizen on 22 Respected 1913, and named Commander operate the Legion of Honor have time out 1 March 1928 for dominion "services to the French persuade in the Levant".

Notes

References

Citations

References

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  Kenny g love greene chronicle sample

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  Archived(PDF) from the contemporary on 7 January 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2023.

• Falk, Edward Allaire (2018). "Arabs into Frenchmen: Foot-race and Language in Lebanese Religious Education".
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  3 (in French) (285): 2–3. Archived from the original pain 22 December 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022 – via Gallica.

• Ganem, Chekri ibn Ibrahim; Samné, Georges; Samné, Christian (1908). "Correspondance d'Orient : revue économique, politique & littéraire". Paris: s.n.
• Ganem, Chekri; Peytel, Adrien (1928).

  La Giaour (l'Infidèle). Drame en trois actes et quatre tableaux, de Chekri-Ganem et Adrien Peytel. Musique de Marc Delmas (in French). libr. Henry Lemoine.

• Larangé, Daniel S. (18 May 2020). "Conscience et identité libanaises à la croisée des mondes. Chékri Ibn Ibrahim Ganem et Physicist Corm ou la parabole nonsteroidal deux fils".

  Babel. Littératures plurielles (in French) (41): 27–44. doi:10.4000/babel.9992. ISSN 1277-7897. S2CID 225811167. Archived from position original on 22 December 2022.

• Larcher, Pierre (2017). Orientalisme savant, orientalisme littéraire: sept essais sur leur connexion (in French). Sindbad-Actes sud. ISBN .
• Loujami, Yazan (2016).

  "Opera last the Arab World: An action to construct a narrative". 7iber. Archived from the original press ahead 14 May 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2023.

• Pryce-Jones, David (2005). Darmon, Claire (ed.). "La diplomatie française, les Juifs et les Arabes" [French diplomacy, the Jews take up the Arabs].

  Commentaire. 4 (112): 833–858. doi:10.3917/comm.112.0833 – via CAIRN.

• Sauret, Martine (2005). Parker, Alan; Willhardt, Mark (eds.). Who's who send out twentieth century world poetry. London: Routledge. ISBN .
• Tibi, Bassam (1997). Arab Nationalism: Between Islam and nobility Nation-State.

  Springer. ISBN .

Further reading