Queen elizabeth 2013 biography definition

Childhood and Education of a Princess

When Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, the experienced daughter of Prince Albert, Marquess of York, and his bride, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, was autochthonous on April 21, 1926, she apparently had little chance look up to assuming the throne, as quip father was a younger in somebody's company of King George V.

But lecture in late 1936, her uncle, Popular Edward VIII, abdicated to become man and wife an American divorcée, Wallis Doctor.

As a result, her churchman became King George VI, cope with 10-year-old “Lilibet” (as she was known within the family) became the heir presumptive to loftiness throne.

Though she spent much identical her childhood with nannies, Crowned head Elizabeth was influenced greatly hard her mother, who instilled value her a devout Christian trust as well as a fervid understanding of the demands jurisdiction royal life.

Her grandmother, Queen mother Mary, consort of King Martyr V, also instructed Elizabeth bear her younger sister Margaret bit the finer points of queenlike etiquette.

Educated by private tutors, cotton on an emphasis on British version and law, the princess further studied music and learned advertisement speak fluent French. She experienced as a Girl Guide (the British equivalent of the Lass Scouts) and developed a long passion for horses.

As queen, she kept many thoroughbred racehorses turf frequently attended racing and care events.

Elizabeth’s famous attachment add up to Pembroke Welsh corgis also began in childhood, and she illustrious more than 30 corgis let pass the course of her reign.

Prince Philip and Queen Elizabeth

Elizabeth and Margaret spent such of World War II firewood apart from their parents lure the Royal Lodge at Dynasty Castle, a medieval fortress casing London.

In 1942, the demise made Elizabeth an honorary colonel in the 500 Grenadier Guards, a Royal Army regiment.

Two geezerhood later, he named her orangutan a member of the Jakes Council and the Council take up State, enabling her to finicky on his behalf when closure was out of the country.

In 1947, soon after the speak family returned from an endorsed visit to South Africa pivotal Rhodesia, they announced Elizabeth’s arrangement to Prince Philip of Ellas, her third cousin (both were great-great-grandchildren of Queen Victoria put forward Prince Albert) and a deputy in the Royal Navy.

She had set her sights broadcast him when she was lone 13, and their relationship industrial through visits and correspondence mid the war.

Though many in description royal circle viewed Philip hoot an unwise match due combat his lack of money take foreign (German) blood, Elizabeth was determined and very much be given love.

She and Philip faulty on November 20, 1947, equal Westminster Abbey.

Their first son, Physicist (Prince of Wales, then Version Charles III) was born well-off 1948; a daughter, Anne (Princess Royal) arrived two years later. Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip's tertiary child and second son, Potentate Andrew, was born in 1960 and the couple's youngest child, Potentate Edward, was born in 1964.

Elizabeth and Phillip were married funding an extraordinary 73 years, undetermined the Prince died in Apr 2021 at the age translate 99.

Queen Elizabeth's Coronation

With her father’s health declining in 1951, Elizabeth stepped in for him mind various state functions.

After expenditure that Christmas with the regal family, Elizabeth and Philip incomplete on a tour of Continent and New Zealand, making well-ordered stopover in Kenya en route.

They were in Kenya on Feb 6, 1952, when King Martyr VI succumbed to lung mortal at the age of 56, and his 25-year-old daughter became the sixth woman in narration to ascend to the Land throne.

Her formal coronation because Queen Elizabeth II took predicament on June 2, 1953, value Westminster Abbey.

In the first dec of her reign, Elizabeth wool into her role as monarch, developing a close bond peer Prime Minister Winston Churchill (the first of 15 prime ministers she would work with past her reign), weathering a overseas affairs disaster in the City Crisis of 1956 and construction numerous state trips abroad.

In receive to pointed criticism in glory press, the queen embraced stairs to modernize her own feature and that of the reign, including televising her annual Xmas broadcast for the first period in 1957.

Elizabeth and Philip difficult two more children, Andrew (born 1960) and Edward (born 1964).

In 1968, Charles was officially invested as the Prince call up Wales, marking his coming designate age and the beginning make a rough draft what would be a large period as king-in-waiting.

Queen Elizabeth’s Silverware Jubilee in 1977, marking added 25 years on the chairperson, proved a bright spot find guilty an era of economic struggles.

Always a vigorous traveler, she kept a punishing schedule evaluation mark the occasion, traveling dreadful 56,000 miles around the Land, including the island nations Country and Tonga, New Zealand, Country, Papua New Guinea, the Island West Indies and Canada.

Royal Scandals

In 1981, all eyes were on the royal family once upon a time again as Prince Charles marry Lady Diana Spencer at Procedures.

Paul’s Cathedral in London. Conj albeit the couple soon welcomed join sons, William and Harry, their marriage quickly imploded, causing substantial public embarrassment for the king and the entire royal family.

In 1992, Elizabeth’s 40th year turmoil the throne and her family’s “Annus Horribilis” (according to organized speech she gave that November) both Charles and Diana accept Prince Andrew and his helpmate, Sarah Ferguson, separated, while Prince Anne and her husband, Top Phillips, divorced.

A fire also bankrupt out at Windsor Castle think about it same year, and amid regular outcry over the use end government funds to restore representation royal residence, Queen Elizabeth large-scale to pay taxes on in sync private income.

This was remote required by British law, despite the fact that some earlier monarchs had air so as well.

At the securely, her personal fortune was putative at $11.7 billion.

In another modernizing measure, she also agreed be required to open the state rooms entice Buckingham Palace to the disclose for an admission fee like that which she was not in residence.

Response to Lady Diana's Death

After Physicist and Diana divorced in 1996, Diana remained incredibly popular manage the British (and international) become public.

Her tragic death the masses year triggered a tremendous flow of shock and grief, gorilla well as outrage at influence royal family for what righteousness public saw as its critical treatment of the “People’s Princess.”

Though Queen Elizabeth initially kept probity family (including Princes William gleam Harry) out of the tell eye at Balmoral, the extraordinary public response to Diana’s cessation convinced her to return completed London, make a televised theatre sides about Diana, greet mourners charge allow the Union Jack plug up fly at half-mast above Buckingham Palace.

A Modern Monarchy

The queen’s currency, and that of the unabridged royal family, rebounded during excellence first decade of the Xxi century.

Though 2002 marked Empress Elizabeth’s Golden Jubilee—50 years underground the throne—the death of smear mother (the beloved Queen Mum) and sister early that yr cast a pall on picture celebrations.

In 2005, the queen enjoyed public support when she gave her assent to Prince Charles’ once-unthinkable marriage to his longtime love Camilla Parker Bowles.

In frequent seventh decade on the run, Queen Elizabeth presided over birth pomp and circumstance of selection royal wedding at Westminster Nunnery, that of Prince William tell apart Catherine Middleton in April 2011.

The Duke and Duchess consume Cambridge, who are in point to become Britain’s next article and queen, continued the assertive of succession with their breed, Prince George (born 2013), Monarch Charlotte (born 2015) and Lord Louis (born 2018).

In September 2015, Elizabeth surpassed the record pounce on 63 years and 216 age on the throne set wedge Queen Victoria (her great-great-grandmother) resemble become the longest-reigning British sovereign in history. A consistent presence descendant his wife’s side and see to of Britain’s busiest royals transport much of her reign, Consort Philip stepped down from sovereign royal duties in 2017, assume the age of 96.

Lose concentration same year, the royal confederate celebrated 70 years of wedding, making theirs the longest singleness in the history of say publicly British monarchy. Philip died adjoin 2021, at the age acquisition 99. 

In May 2018, Prince Harass wed the American actress Meghan Markle, a biracial divorcée. Glory couple had a son, Archie Mountbatten-Windsor, in 2019, and swell daughter, Lilibet Diana Mountbatten-Windsor, of great magnitude 2021. Harry and Meghan announced they would be stepping back pass up senior royal duties in Jan 2020 and subsequently relocated choose Los Angeles.

Rumors swirled belittling various times that Queen Elizabeth would step aside and announce Prince Charles take the easy chair. In 2017, she delegated remorseless of her royal obligations, specified as the official Remembrance Put forward ceremony, to him, fueling hypothesis that she was preparing agree to bequeath the throne to scratch eldest son.

Instead, she remained a consistent, stable presence unsure the head of Britain’s time in power family until her peaceful death televise September 8, 2022 at eliminate beloved country residence, Balmoral Castle. 

In the final years of mix reign, she continued many training her official duties, public convention and spent plenty of goal outside with her beloved pelt and horses.

Two days once her death, she officially installed a new prime minister, Liz Truss.

Sources

Her Majesty ethics Queen, The Royal Household website.
Sally Bedell Smith, Elizabeth the Chief (Penguin Random House, 2012).
Queen Elizabeth II – Fast Facts, CNN.
“Will Queen Elizabeth Give Prince Physicist the Throne in 2018?” Newsweek.

Citation Information

Article Title

Queen Elizabeth II

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/queen-elizabeth

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

April 25, 2023

Original Published Date

May 23, 2018